Nuklida · stabil · alami
Hidrogen-1 (¹H)
Hidrogen-1 (¹H) adalah isotop stabil hidrogen dengan 1 proton dan 0 neutron (nomor massa 1). Kelimpahan alaminya [0.999 72, 0.999 99].
Data nuklida
- Unsur
- Hidrogen (H, Z = 1)
- Nomor massa (A)
- 1
- Proton (Z)
- 1
- Neutron (N)
- 0
- Massa atom
- 1.007825031898 ± 0.000000000014 u
- Waktu paruh
- Stabil
- Mode peluruhan
- Tidak meluruh
- Kelimpahan alami
- [0.999 72, 0.999 99]
- Tahun penemuan
- 1920
- Sumber data
- IAEA Atomic Mass Data Center (NUBASE) and IUPAC CIAAW, via PubChem
Kegunaan isotop hidrogen
- Molecules, atoms, and ions of the stable isotopes of hydrogen possess slightly different physical and chemical properties and they are commonly fractionated during physical, chemical, and biological processes, giving rise to variations in isotopic abundances and in atomic weights (Fig. IUPAC.1.1). Hydrogen has the largest relative mass difference among its isotopes and consequently exhibits the largest variation in isotopic composition of any element that does not have radioactive or radiogenic isotopes. Ranges in the stable isotopic composition of naturally occurring hydrogen-bearing materials are shown in Fig. IUPAC.1.1. These variations enable hydrogen isotopes to be used as tracers in environmental studies. A primary use of stable hydrogen isotopes is in isotope hydrology. Although the evolution of the stable hydrogen and oxygen isotopic composition of precipitation begins with the evaporation of water from the oceans, their local and global relationship arises primarily from equilibrium isotopic fractionation of heavier (2H and 18O) and lighter (1H and 16O) isotopes of hydrogen and oxygen during condensation as a tropospheric vapor mass follows a trajectory to higher latitudes and over continents,. As a consequence, the hydrogen isotopic composition of precipitation, rivers, and tap waters varies with elevation, season, and distance from the ocean-continent boundary. Figure 4.1.2 shows the variation in the atomic weight of hydrogen in water from rivers across the United States. These variations in the hydrogen isotopic composition of environmental water are often combined with stable oxygen isotopic compositions and have been used to identify the origin of water samples and to investigate the interaction between groundwater and surface water (e.g. lakes, streams, and rivers).