Silikon-28 (²⁸Si)

Data nuklida

Unsur

Silikon (Si, Z = 14)

Nomor massa (A)

28

Proton (Z)

14

Neutron (N)

14

Massa atom

27.97692653442 ± 0.00000000055 u

Waktu paruh

Stabil

Mode peluruhan

Tidak meluruh

Kelimpahan alami

[0.921 91, 0.923 18]

Tahun penemuan

1920

Sumber data

IAEA Atomic Mass Data Center (NUBASE) and IUPAC CIAAW, via PubChem

Kegunaan isotop silikon

• Because molecules, atoms, and ions of the stable isotopes of silicon possess slightly different physical and chemical properties, they commonly will be fractionated during physical, chemical, and biological processes, giving rise to variations in isotopic abundances and in atomic weights. There are substantial variations in the isotopic abundances of silicon in natural terrestrial materials (Fig. IUPAC.14.1). These variations are useful in investigating the origin of substances and studying environmental, hydrological, and geological processes,. Diatoms, a major group of algae, need silicon to build up their opaline shells and prefer 28Si while taking up Si(OH)4, which is the biologically available form of silicon in the marine environment. This progressively enriches surface waters with 29Si and 30Si. 32Si-labeled silicic acid of high specific radioactivity is used to measure uptake rates of Si and estimate marine sedimentation of biogenic (created by living organisms) silica (by diatoms and sea shells). By performing uptake kinetic experiments, the 32Si activity can be measured as 32P using counting of Cherenkov radiation (radiation produced by charged particles passing through a medium at a speed greater than that of light through the same medium — after Soviet physicist Pavel A. Cherenkov) with a liquid scintillation analyzer (measuring ionizing radiation using the interaction of radiation on a material and counting the resulting photon emissions).
• At Keio University in Japan, the Itoh Research Group has developed a method that utilizes 29Si to store and process information. The Itoh Research Group focused on manipulating the nanostructure of materials at an atomic level, especially with semiconductors such as silicon. Their manipulations and observations demonstrate that differences in the nuclear spin and mass of an isotope affects the ease of further manipulation of the isotope,. Silicon crystals enriched to higher than 99.99 percent purity of 28Si are being used in the Avogadro Project. This project is intended to remeasure the Avogadro constant (NA), which is the proportionality factor between the amount of substance and number of elementary entities.

Isotop silikon lainnya

²²Si, ²³Si, ²⁴Si, ²⁵Si, ²⁶Si, ²⁷Si, ²⁹Si, ³⁰Si, ³¹Si, ³²Si, ³³Si, ³⁴Si, ³⁵Si, ³⁶Si, ³⁷Si, ³⁸Si, ³⁹Si, ⁴⁰Si, ⁴¹Si, ⁴²Si, ⁴³Si, ⁴⁴Si, ⁴⁵Si

Pelajari

Kimia inti Simulasi peluruhan ²⁸Si Bagan nuklida