Plutonium-238 (²³⁸Pu)

Data nuklida

Unsur

Plutonium (Pu, Z = 94)

Nomor massa (A)

238

Proton (Z)

94

Neutron (N)

144

Massa atom

238.049558175 ± 0.000001221 u

Waktu paruh

87,7 tahun (± 0,1 tahun)

Mode peluruhan

Peluruhan alfa (α) ( 100 %)

Inti anak

Uranium-234 (²³⁴U)

Tahun penemuan

1949

Sumber data

IAEA Atomic Mass Data Center (NUBASE) and IUPAC CIAAW, via PubChem

Kegunaan isotop plutonium

• 238Pu (with a half-life of 87.7 years) is used in radiothermal generators as a heat source to produce electricity. These radiothermal generators are used to power unmanned spacecraft and interplanetary probes that venture too far from the Sun to use solar power, such as the Cassini Orbiter, the Galileo spacecraft, and the Huygens and Galileo probes,,,. 238Pu has been used in the Apollo lunar missions as part of a nuclear battery. The SNAP-27 (systems nuclear auxiliary power) system produced approximately 75 W of electrical power at 30 VDC per unit (Fig. IUPAC.94.1). The energy source was a 2.5-kg rod of 238Pu providing thermal power of approximately 1250 W. 238Pu is used in pacemakers (Fig. IUPAC.94.2). 239Pu (with a half-life of 2.41×104 years) is used in nuclear weapons. 239Pu is easily made in nuclear reactors by bombarding 238U with neutronsvia the reaction 238U (n, γ) 239U and 239U→ 239Pu+β −. The 239Pu made by this reaction can itself be split by neutrons to release energy and is used for energy generation in nuclear reactors,,.

Isotop plutonium lainnya

²²¹Pu, ²²²Pu, ²²³Pu, ²²⁴Pu, ²²⁵Pu, ²²⁶Pu, ²²⁷Pu, ²²⁸Pu, ²²⁹Pu, ²³⁰Pu, ²³¹Pu, ²³²Pu, ²³³Pu, ²³⁴Pu, ²³⁵Pu, ²³⁶Pu, ²³⁷Pu, ²³⁹Pu, ²⁴⁰Pu, ²⁴¹Pu, ²⁴²Pu, ²⁴³Pu, ²⁴⁴Pu, ²⁴⁵Pu, ²⁴⁶Pu, ²⁴⁷Pu

Pelajari

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