Kromium-54 (⁵⁴Cr)

Data nuklida

Unsur

Kromium (Cr, Z = 24)

Nomor massa (A)

54

Proton (Z)

24

Neutron (N)

30

Massa atom

53.938877359 ± 0.000000142 u

Waktu paruh

Stabil

Mode peluruhan

Tidak meluruh

Kelimpahan alami

0.023 65(7)

Tahun penemuan

1930

Sumber data

IAEA Atomic Mass Data Center (NUBASE) and IUPAC CIAAW, via PubChem

Kegunaan isotop kromium

• Molecules, atoms, and ions of the stable isotopes of chromium possess slightly different physical and chemical properties, and they commonly will be fractionated during physical, chemical, and biological processes, giving rise to variations in isotopic abundances and in atomic weights. There are measureable variations in the isotopic abundances of chromium in natural terrestrial materials (Fig. IUPAC.24.1). SiC grains are formed in very high-temperature events that occurred before the formation of the Solar System. The chemical and isotopic composition of certain elements in these grains, such as chromium, provides insights into the origin of the Solar System. The 54Cr nucleus is only produced by supernovae. Excess amounts of this isotope in the SiC grains (relative to terrestrial isotopic composition) in primitive meteorites suggest a heterogeneous distribution of 54Cr in the early Solar System and different sources of material to our Solar System. The early solar nebula was divided into two components. One contained chromium depleted in the lighter isotopes and the other contained heavier chromium isotopes. Isotopic studies indicate these components formed a homogeneous mixture in the early Earth, but they separated during partitioning of the Earth’s core (Fig. IUPAC.24.1),. Mobility and toxicity of chromium metal depend largely on the oxidation state of the element. Isotopes of chromium are fractionated by reduction-oxidation (redox) chemical reactions. The isotopic composition has been used to trace the origin of the element in the environment and provide information on reduction-oxidation chemical processes.
• Stable isotopes of chromium are used to investigate the metabolism of chromium (III), which is an essential nutrient. Chromium stable isotopes (53Cr and 54Cr) have been administered to patients and the relative metabolic activity of each isotope is measured to study insulin function in patients suffering from diabetes (a disease in which the body is unable to produce any or enough insulin, and/or is not able to properly use the insulin that it does produce, resulting in elevated levels of glucose in the blood). 51Cr and 53Cr have been used to label red blood cells to determine blood volume and life-time of red blood cells in the body.

Isotop kromium lainnya

⁴¹Cr, ⁴²Cr, ⁴³Cr, ⁴⁴Cr, ⁴⁵Cr, ⁴⁶Cr, ⁴⁷Cr, ⁴⁸Cr, ⁴⁹Cr, ⁵⁰Cr, ⁵¹Cr, ⁵²Cr, ⁵³Cr, ⁵⁵Cr, ⁵⁶Cr, ⁵⁷Cr, ⁵⁸Cr, ⁵⁹Cr, ⁶⁰Cr, ⁶¹Cr, ⁶²Cr, ⁶³Cr, ⁶⁴Cr, ⁶⁵Cr, ⁶⁶Cr, ⁶⁷Cr, ⁶⁸Cr, ⁶⁹Cr, ⁷⁰Cr

Pelajari

Kimia inti Simulasi peluruhan ⁵⁴Cr Bagan nuklida